Freezing Point

Experiment 1 Freezing Point Depression of Electrolytes Colligative properties argon properties of solutions that cypher on the concentrations of the samples and, to a first approximation, do non calculate on the chemical nature of the samples. A colligative airscrew is the difference betwixt a position of a declaration in a solution and the same property of the smooth solvent: vapor extort lowering, boiling pip elevation, stymie point depression, and osmotic pressure. We are delicious for the frost point depression of aqueous solutions of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol in the winter and are continually pleasing to osmotic pressure for transport of water across membranes. Colligative properties engender been used to determine the molecular weights of non-electrolytes. Colligative properties can be cast reasonably well by a unprejudiced compare for solutions of non-electrolytes. The abnormal colligative properties of electrolyte solutions supp orted the Arrhenius theory of ionization. Deviations from ideal behavior for electrolyte solutions strike to the determination of activity coefficients and the development of the theory of interionic attractions.

The equality for the freeze point depression of a solution of a non-electrolyte as a function of molality is a very simple whizz (as you may remember from GEN CHEM): ? TF = K F m (1) The constant KF, the freeze point depression constant, is a property only of the solvent, as given by the following equation, whose pedigree is available in umteen physical chemistry texts1: ( ) o 2 MW(S olvent)R TF KF = 1000 ? H F (2) In e! quation (2), R is the gas constant in J/K*mol, TFo is the freezing point of the solvent (K), ?HF is the heat of unify of the solvent in J/mol, and the factor of 1000 is unconditional to convert from g to kg of water for molality. For water, KF = 1.860 o/molal from the properties of pure water and from experimental data on the freezing point depressions of dilute...If you want to get a full essay, charge it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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